Highlights
- •Genetic variation and linkage disequilibrium of 19 X-chromosomal STR markers was assessed in four regional populations of Belarus.
- •Regional stratification of X-chromosomal microsatellites in Belarus was detected and different approaches of elimination of the observed geographic substructure among Belarusians were proposed.
- •This is the first extensive report on variation of X-STR markers in populations from Eastern Europe.
- •In comprehensive analysis of diversity of X-chromosomal microsatellites in Europe, a geography-driven northeast-southwest gradient, extending from Belarus and Finland to Iberia and Italy, was disclosed.
Abstract
More and more X-STR data are becoming available for worldwide human populations for
forensic and anthropological investigations, but the European datasets analysed so
far represent mainly the central, northern, western and southern part of the continent
with populations of Eastern Europe being practically uninvestigated. In the present
study, we assessed genetic variation and linkage disequilibrium of 19 X-chromosomal
STR markers (DXS7132, DXS7133, DXS7423, DXS7424, DXS8377, DXS8378, DXS9895, DXS10074,
DXS10075, DXS10079, DXS10101, DXS10103, DXS10134, DXS10135, DXS10146, DXS10147, DXS10148,
GATA172D05, HPRTB) in four regional populations of an Eastern European state of Belarus,
including 12 loci incorporated in the Argus X-12 kit. Our results revealed cumulative
power of discrimination of the tested X-STR loci to amount to 0.999999999999996 and
0.999999997 in females and males, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance demonstrated
regional stratification within the country, excluding the use of a common X-STR database
for Belarus in forensic casework. However, development of a separate X-STR database
for the northwestern part of the country or exclusion of four loci displaying regional
differences from the dataset were shown to eliminate the observed geographic substructure
among Belarusians. Comparison of the Belarusian genotypes with X-STR data from other
European populations disclosed a geography-driven northeast-southwest gradient extending
from Belarus and Finland to Iberia and Italy. This study is the first extensive report
on variation of X-STR markers in populations from Eastern Europe and the first comprehensive
analysis of diversity of X-chromosomal microsatellites in Europe.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 03, 2015
Accepted:
December 31,
2014
Received in revised form:
December 30,
2014
Received:
August 23,
2014
Identification
Copyright
© 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
