Highlights
- •ChrY-surname-correlation can be useful for priority listing in familial searching.
- •For a perfect genetic match, a surname match frequency (SMF) of 98% was observed.
- •Our in-house YForGen with 46 Y-STRs is the most optimal kit with the highest SMF.
- •SMF varies when encountering Y-SNPs, surname frequency and geographical distance.
- •Surname prediction model with an area under the curve of 0.9 could be developed.
Abstract
The Y-chromosome is a widely studied and useful small part of the genome providing
different applications for interdisciplinary research. In many (Western) societies,
the Y-chromosome and surnames are paternally co-inherited, suggesting a corresponding
Y-haplotype for every namesake. While it has already been observed that this correlation
may be disrupted by a false-paternity event, adoption, anonymous sperm donor or the
co-founding of surnames, extensive information on the strength of the surname match
frequency (SMF) with the Y-chromosome remains rather unknown. For the first time in
Belgium and the Netherlands, we were able to study this correlation using 2,401 males
genotyped for 46 Y-STRs and 183 Y-SNPs. The SMF was observed to be dependent on the
number of Y-STRs analyzed, their mutation rates and the number of Y-STR differences
allowed for a kinship. For a perfect match, the Yfiler® Plus and our in-house YForGen
kit gave a similar high SMF of 98%, but for non-perfect matches, the latter could
overall be identified as the best kit. The SMF generally increased due to less mismatches
when encountering [
[1]
] deep Y-subhaplogroups, [
[2]
] less frequently occurring surnames, and [
[3]
] small geographical distances between relatives. This novel information enabled the
design of a surname prediction model based on genetic and geographical distances of
a kinship. The prediction model has an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9 and is therefore
useable for DNA kinship priority listing in estimation applications like forensic
familial searching.Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 09, 2019
Accepted:
November 9,
2019
Received in revised form:
November 8,
2019
Received:
July 31,
2019
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
